Frame and receiver construction for firearms.



c. H. BARNES. v FRAME AND RECEIVER CONSTRUCTION FOR FIREARMS.

APPUCATION FILED JAN. 19. I914.

Patented Oct. 26, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

'I/IIIIIII C. H. BARNES. FRAME AND RECEIVER CONSTRUCTION FOR FIREARMS.

APPLICATON FILED JAN-19. 1914- 1,157,752. Patented Oct. 2-6, 1915.

4 SHEET$-$HEET 2- jiiorneys C. H. BARNES. FRAME AND RECEIVER CONSTRUCTION FOR FIREARMS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN-19.1914.

Patented Oct. 26, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

C. H. BARNES. FRAME AND RECEIVER CONSTRUCTION FOR FIREARMS. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 19, I914 1,157,752-.- Patented 0ct.26,1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

I, v v I WI 7 ED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES H. BARNES, OF ILION,. NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR T REMINGTON ARMS & AMMUNITION COMPANY, OF ILION, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

FRAME AND RECEIVER CONSTRUCTION FOR FIREARMS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Original application filed September 27, 1912, Serial No. 722,608. Divided and this application filed January 19, 1914. Serial No. 312,972.

.certain new and useful Frame and Receiver Construction for Firearms, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to firearms and has for its object a particularly simple frame and receiver construction; and it consists in the combinations and constructions hereinafter set forth and claimed.

In describing this invention, reference is had to the accompanying drawings, in which like characters designate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is an elevation of the receiver and frame assembled. Figs. 2 and 3 are, respectively, a right side elevation and a rear elevation of the receiver. Figs. 4 and 5 are opposite side elevations of the frame. Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view illustrating in plan a portion of the frame. Fig. 7 is a fragmentary View on line A-A, Fig. 1. Fig; 8 is a side elevation of the breech bolt and cover plate illustrating the operation of the tool used in removing the breech bolt from the receiver. Fig. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of the receiver and frame of this firearm and mechanism contained therein. Fig. 10 is an enlarged sectional view, parts being omitted, on the plane of line BB, Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is an enlarged sectional view on line CC, Fig. 9, parts being omitted. Fig. 12 is a section on line D-D, Fig. 9.

1 is the receiver which, as best seen in Figs. 2 and 3, includes a top, a side plate 2 and a block 3 at its front end, the side of the receiver opposite the side plate 2 being open with the exception of the portion near the top which is closed by a flange 4 depending from the top. The block 3 is formed with a passage in which is detachably mounted the barrel 5 of the firearm, the barrel having the firing chamber 6 in its rear end.

7 is the frame of the firearm, the frame comprising a bottom or trigger plate formed with a trigger guard 8, two sides 9, 10, Figs. 4, 5, 10 and 11, blocks 11, 12 at its front and rear ends. The side 9 of the frame is arranged to close the open side of the receiver and meets the flange 4 and'is flush with the outer face of the flange 4; and the side 10 is located in the receiver contiguous to the side plate 2, Figs. 10 and 11, and is depressed with respect to the side edge of the bottom and side face of the block 12 in order that the side plate of the receiver 1 will be flush with the exposed side faces of the frame and interfit with the frame. The frame is also formed with a rearwardly extending tang 14 to which the stock is secured.

The receiver 1 and frame 7 are provided with interfitting means extendin in a direction lengthwise of the frame an receiver, and engaged and disengaged by relative lengthwise movement of the frame and the receiver, and a single detachable fastenend of the frame, the dowel pin 15 and socket 16 being located near the lower side of the blocks 3 and 11. The pin is arranged in a passage 17 in the block 3, the passage opening through the front and rear faces of the block 3 and being tapered, and the pin 15 being also tapered and inserted in the passage 17 from the front end thereof.

The interfitting means at the rear end. of the receiver 1 and frame 7 includes a tongue 18 extending rearwardly from the top of the receiver 1 and fitting into a groove 19, Fig. 6, in the upper side of the block 12 of the frame. The single screw 20 for securing the receiver and frame together extends transversely through an car 21 extending rearwardly from the rear edge of the side plate 2 of the receiver 1 and into the rear block 12 of the frame 7, Fig. 7, the ear 21 being set into the side face of the block 12. The screw 20 threads only in the block 12,

screw taken up by the conical opening and closing the breech of the gun,

the firearm being here shown as automatic so that the breech bolt is thrown rearwardly by the explosion of the cartridge, the rearward movement of the breech bolt being against the action of a spring 24 encircling the firing pin 25 extending lengthwise of the breech bolt, this pin 25 extending through an opening in a vertical wall 26 which forms an abutment for the spring 24 and against which a washer 28 on the pin 25 is held by the spring 24, Figs. 9 and 12. The rear end of the pin 25 is exposed to the hammer of the firearm. I

The breech bolt 23 slides between opposite side walls 2 and 9 of the receiver 1 and frame 7 respectively, and is provided with engaging parts or runners 29, 30, Fig. 10,

the runner 29 resting in a suitable upwardly facing guide 31 formed in the inner side face of the outer side wall 9 of the frame 7, and the other runner 30' resting on the upper ed e'of the inner side plate 10 of the frame The side plate 2 of the receiver 1' is also provided with an inwardly extending lug 32 which engages the upper face of the runner 30. The flange 4 is provided with a similar lug 33, Fig. 11, engaging the upper face of the runner 29.

34, Figs. 8, 10 and 12, is the cover plate for the shell exit slot 35, Fig- 2. The slot 35 is formed in the flange 4 and opens through the lower edge thereof, Fig. 2. The body portion of the cover plate 34 slides in the slot 35 anda portion thereof overlies the outer face of the receiver, and said cover plate is connected to the breech bolt 23 .by means of a clamping member as a screw 36, Figs. 8, 10 and 12, threading through the portion of the cover plate working in the slot 35, the screw 36 having means at its inner end which interlocks with the breech bolt, and a knurled head 37 at its outer end.

In the illustrated embodiment of my invention, the breech bolt is formed with a recess or slot 38, Fig. 10, in the side thereof contiguous to the cover plate, this recess having 'an enlarged entrance at its upper end and a contracted portion 39 at its lower end,

the walls of the contracted portion being undercut, Figs. 8, 10 and 12, and the inner end of the screw is formed with a circumferential groove which forms a shank 40 of reduced diameter and an enlarged head 41'.

In assembling the breech bolt and the cover plate, the screw 36 is placed so that the head41 may enter the enlarged entrance of the recess 38 and the head then moved downwardly into the contracted portion 39 of the recess under the undercut sides. The head and 8, and hence notch 57 in the hammer its pivot into and out of the recess and is clamped in position by screwing outwardly on the screw 36.

In placing the breech bolt 23 and cover plate 34 attached thereto in the receiver, a tool, as shown in Figs. 2 and 8 is placed through a suitable opening 42 in the breech bolt, and engaged with the washer 28 to hold the firing pin spring 24 contracted sufliciently so that the washer 28 can be placed in engagement with the wall 26. The reverse of this operation takes place to remove the breech bolt. After the breech bolt is placed in position, the receiver 1 andv frame 7 are jointed together. Preferably in order that a tool shall'always be available whenit is necessary to remove the breech bolt, the screw 20 for holding the receiver 1 and frame 9 together is formed with a reduced nthreaded extension 43 having a head 44 at its end for engaging the washer 28 and hooking over the surface at the inner end of the work passage 42 as shown at 45, Figs. 2 preventing unintentional d splacement of the screw.

46 is the hammer pivoted at 47 to the frame and actuated through a rod 48 which is connected to a suitable spring-pressed plunger 49 movable in a passage 50 in the stock or butt 14, the plunger 49 being pressed upwardly by a suitable spring, not shown, in any well known manner.

' 51- is the trigger pivoted at 52 to the sides 9, 10 of the frame and having atooth 53 rigid therewith which coacts with a notch 54 in the hammer 46 to hold the hammer cocked.

A stop pin 55, the side walls 9, being located to hammer, if the when the frame detached.

56 is a safety sear pivoted on the pivot 52 of the trigger and coacting with a second and being pressed upwardly into operative position by a spring-pressed plunger 58 carried by the Fig. 9, is provided between 10 of the frame, the pin prevent overthrow of the trigger. should be pulled 7 and the receiver. 1 are trigger, the safety sear operating to prevent doubling, or repeated firing, upon one pull of the trigger.

pivot 47 is bifurcated in order to straddle the magazine tube, and the upper portion of the trigger within the receiver is also bifurcated for the same purpose, and the safety sear 56 is carried between the bifurcations below the magazine tube.

59 is a safety pivoted within the frame on a vertical pivot 60 and niovable laterally on position to hold the trigger with its tooth 53 engaged with the notch 54 and hence prevent pivotal move ment of the trigger when the hammer is cocked.

ortion of the hammer 46 below its The hammer mechanism, trigger mechanism, safety sear and safety, form no part of this invention and further description is deemed unnecessary.

61, Fig. 9, is the magazine tube arranged lengthwise of the stock or butt and extend ing into the receiver through the block 12 at the rear end of the frame in a direction in-' clined relatively to the breech bolt or direction of movement of the breech bolt.

62 is a member arranged to receive cartridges from the magazine, said member being usually an extension of the magazine- Said member 62 is arranged to support the foremost cartridge in position to be fed sidewise into the space in front of the breech bolt 23 when in its rear position, and is formed with a slot 63, extending through its upper and lower faces, and with an inclined face 64 at the forward end of the slot arranged to deflect the bullet end of the cartridge upwardly into the space in front of the breech bolt 23 when in its rear position. A spring pressed follower in the magazine tends to force the cartridge endwise, and hence force the foremost cartridge against said inclined face 64 and the lower face of the breech bolt. Said extension 62 is preferably threaded on the magazine tube 61 and extends into a recess 66, Fig. 9, in the under side of the breech bolt 23 and is held in position by a pin 62 supported in passages in the sides 9, 10 of the frame. This extension constitutes means for supporting the foremost cartridge in position to be fed into the space in front of the breech bolt when in its rear position.

67 and 68, Fig. 9, are elements of the cartridge carrier, the element 67 being the main element and being pivoted at 69 in the frame between the sides 9, 10 and below the magazine tube 61 and having a rearwardly and upwardly extending arm 70 which coacts with a cam surface 71 on the breech bolt 23, whereby the cartridge carrier is actuated by the breech bolt. Said main element is formed in front of its pivot 69 with an arm 72 having a cartridge stop 73 arranged to extend through a slot 74 in the extension 62 into the path of the rim of the second cartridge, to prevent feeding thereof into the space in front of the breech bolt 23 when the breech bolt is in its rear position and While the first cartridge is being fed thereto.

The cartridge stop 73 is normally out of operative position, as seen in Fig. 9, but during the initial part of the rearward movement of the breech bolt 23, it moves into operative position, and remains in such position while the foremost cartridge is being fed into the firing chamber, when the breech bolt 23 returns to its closed position, the rocking element 67 returns to its normal position, shown in Fig. 9, and permits the cartridges to feed until the foremost cartridge is in the slot 63 of the extension 62 and abuts against the inclined face 64 at the front end of the slot 63.

The element 68 moves pivotally and rectilinearly upwardly through the slot 63 of the extension 62 and is connected to the front end of the forward arm 72 of the member 67 by a pin-and-slot connection, the slot 75 being open at its lower end for permitting the pin 6 to be placed therein.

The element 68 is yieldingly supported by a spring blade 77, fixed at 78 to the element 6 and extending forwardly below the arm 72 and engaging the lower face of the element 68 intermediate of the ends of said element.

As seen in Fig. 9, the element 68 receives the foremost cartridge and is provided with laterally extending shoulders, as the shoulders 80, near its front end, these shoulders being designed to engage at 81 the lower side faces of the extension 62 in order to cause the element 68 to tilt about the shoulder as a center to raise the rear end of the cartridge into the path of the breach bolt 23, the pin-and-slot 75 and 76 permitting this tilting movement.

The operation and construction of the cartridge feeding mechanism forms-no part of this invention, and also the hammer and trigger mechanisms form no part of this invention, but form the subject matter of my application Sr. No. 722,608, filed Sept. 27, 1912, of which application this is a division. The only feature of the hammer and trigger and cartridge feeding mechanisms that is of importance in connection with this application, is that parts thereof are supported on pivots 47, 52, 55, 62 and 69 arranged in holes extending entirely through the side 10 and but part way into the side 9, and that the pivots slide into their bearings and are held in position when the receiver and frame are assembled by the side plate 2 of the receiver. Each pivot, as seen in Fig. 11, is formed with a circumferential groove 82 forming a head 83 by which the pin can be engaged to be withdrawn when receiver and frame are separated.

For the purpose of providing space for clearance for the heads 83, the plate 2 of the receiver is recessed at 84, as shown in Fig. 11.

85, Fig. 12, is an extractor and 86 an ejector located on opposite sides of the breech bolt, the extractor being carried by and movable with the breech bolt on the side thereof contiguous to the cover 34 of the receiver which is formed with the shell exit slot 35. The ejector and extractor mechanisms form no part of this invention, but constitute the subject matter of another application, divisional of my application Sr. No. 722,608, filed Sept. 27, 1912.

What I claim is 1. In a firearm, a frame and a receiver having alined holes, and a fastening screw extending through the alined holes and threading into the inner hole, the outer hole having conical walls and the contiguous portion of the inner hole also having conical walls, and the screw extending entirely through the outer hole and having an elongated conical head for fitting the conical walls of said holes and wedging outwardly in all radial directions on the same, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. In a firearm, a frame and a receiver having interlocking means, and a single fastening screw for holding the frame and the receiver together with said means in interlocking engagement, the frame and the receiver having alined holes, a portion of the wall of the inner hole being threaded and the outer end portion of the inner hole and the contiguous portion of the outer hole having conical walls, and a fastening screw extending into the holes and entirely through the outer hole and having an elongated conical head engaging the conical walls of the holes and wedging radially in all directions on the walls of both holes, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. In a firearm, a receiver including a top and a side plate, a portion of the side of the receiver opposite said side plate being open, and a frame comprising a trigger plate and two side plates, one of the side plates closing the open side of the receiver, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4:. In a firearm, a receiver including a top and a side plate, and a block at the front end thereof, the receiver having a portion of its side open opposite said side plate, and a frame comprising a trigger plate and two side plates, and a block at the rear end of the frame, one of the side plates closing the open side of the receiver, the front end of the receiver and the frame being connected by a dowel in near the lower sides of the receiver and frame and with an interlocking tongue and groove on the upper side and at the rear end of the receiver, and a screw extending into the receiver and frame and having an elongated conical head engaging conical walls of the screw holes of the receiver and frame, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a firearm, a frame including side the bearings extending through opposite sides of one ofthe side plates and partly into the other side element through which the bearings open,

the side plate of the receiver holding the plIlS from removal, substantially as and for the purpose described.

6. Ina firearm, a receiver comprising a top, a side plate and a flange depending from the top and opposed to the upper portion of the side plate, the portion of the side of the receiver below the flange being open, a frame extending into the receiver and including a bottom and sides, one of the sides of the frame lying contiguous to the inner face of the side plate of the receiver, and the other side of the frame closing the open side of the receiver and being formed with an upwardly facing guide on its inner face, and a breech bolt in the receiver and having runners engaging the upper face of one side plate of the frame and the guide of the other side plate, substantially as and for the pur pose specified.

In a firearm, top, a side plate fromtlie top and opposed to the upper por tion of the side plate, the portion of the side of the receiver below the flange being open, a frame extending into the receiver and including a bottom, and opposing sides, one of the sides of the frame lying contiguous to the inner face of the side plate of the re ceiver, and the other closing the open side of the receiver and being formed with an upwardly facing guide on its inner face, and a breech bolt in the receiver and having runners engaging the upper face of one side plate and the guide of the other side plate of the frame, the side plate of the receiver and the flange thereof being formed with inwardly extending rib-s for engaging the upper faces of said runners, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two attesting witnesses, at Ilion, in the county of a receiver comprising a and a flange depending.

Herkimer, and State of New York, this 9th day of January, 1914.

V. A. HAUGHTON, JOHNSON MORGAN. 

